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AP Chemistry builds students’ understanding of the nature and reactivity of matter. After studying chemical reactions and electrochemistry, students move on to understand how the chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangements of the molecules and the forces between those molecules. Students will examine the laws of thermodynamics, molecular collisions, and the reorganization of matter in order to understand how changes in matter take place. Finally, students will explore chemical equilibria, including acid-base equilibria. The equivalent of an introductory college-level chemistry course, AP Chemistry prepares students for the AP exam and for further study in science, health sciences, or engineering.
The AP Chemistry course provides a learning experience focused on allowing students to develop their critical thinking skills and cognitive strategies. Frequent no- and low-stakes assessments allow students to measure their comprehension and improve their performance as they progress through each activity. Students regularly engage with primary source materials, allowing them to practice the critical reading and analysis skills that they will need in order to pass the AP exam and succeed in a college chemistry course. Students perform hands-on labs that give them insight into the nature of science and help them understand chemical concepts, as well as how evidence can be obtained to support those concepts. Students also complete several virtual lab studies in which they form hypotheses; collect, analyze, and manipulate data; and report their findings and conclusions. During both virtual and traditional lab investigations and research opportunities, students summarize their findings and analyze others’ findings in summaries, using statistical and mathematical calculations when appropriate. Summative tests are offered at the end of each unit as well as at the end of each semester, and contain objective and constructed response items. Robust scaffolding, rigorous instruction, relevant material, and regular active learning opportunities ensure that students can achieve mastery of the skills necessary to excel on the AP exam.
This course has been authorized by the College Board® to use the AP designation.
*Advanced Placement® and AP® are registered trademarks and/or owned by the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse this product.
Length: Two semesters
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1Lesson 1: Chemical Reactions and the Mole
- Read - Chemical Reactions and the Mole: Read about how changes in matter are represented by chemical equations.
- Quiz - Chemical Reactions and the Mole: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Equations: Learn how to describe the changes that rearrange atoms and form the diversity of matter.
- Quiz - Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Equations: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Mass Data Analysis: Use chemical analysis to identify substances.
- Quiz - Mass Data Analysis: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Chemical Reactions and the Mole: Express the law of conservation of mass quantitatively and qualitatively by using symbolic representations and particulate drawings.
- Lab - Gravimetric Analysis: Interpret data from an experiment that uses gravimetric analysis to determine the concentration of an analyte in a solution.
- Discuss - Gravimetric Analysis: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
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2Lesson 2: Stoichiometry
- Read - Stoichiometry: Read about how the conservation of atoms makes it possible to identify stoichiometric relationships in a chemical reaction.
- Quiz - Stoichiometry: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Stoichiometry Calculations: Relate quantities to identify stoichiometric relationships for a reaction, including situations involving limiting reactants and situations in which the reaction has not gone to completion.
- Quiz - Stoichiometry Calculations: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Analyzing Chemical Reactions: Compare quantities to identify stoichiometric relationships for a reaction, including situations involving limiting reactants.
- Quiz - Analyzing Chemical Reactions: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Stoichiometry: Compare moles and measured masses of substances to identify stoichiometric relationships for a reaction, including situations involving limiting reactants and situations in which the reaction has not gone to completion.
- Lab - Mole Ratios: Design a plan to collect data on the synthesis or decomposition of a compound, in order to confirm the conservation of matter and the law of definite proportions.
- Discuss - Mole Ratios: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
- Explore - Isotopes and Mass Spectrometry: Analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by examining scientific evidence.
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3Lesson 3: Chemistry Foundations Wrap-Up
- Test (CS) - Chemistry Foundations Wrap-Up: Take a computer-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
- Test (TS) - Chemistry Foundations Wrap-Up: Take a teacher-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
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4Lesson 1: Chemistry Reactions
- Read - Chemical Reactions: Read about the changes matter undergoes during chemical reactions.
- Quiz - Chemical Reactions: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry: Translate an observed chemical change into a balanced chemical equation, and justify your choice of equation type (molecular, ionic, or net ionic).
- Quiz - Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Metals in Aqueous Solutions: Translate observed chemical changes involving metals in aqueous solution into balanced chemical equations.
- Quiz - Metals in Aqueous Solutions: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Chemical Reactions: Identify redox reactions and explain your identification in terms of electron transfer.
- Lab - Redox Titration: Perform a redox titration to determine the concentration of a solution.
- Discuss - Redox Titration: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
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5Lesson 2: Electrochemistry
- Read - Electrochemistry: Read about how electrochemistry shows the interconversion between chemical and electrical energy in galvanic and electrolytic cells.
- Quiz - Electrochemistry: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Evidence of a Chemical Reaction: Evaluate the classification of a process as a physical change, a chemical change, or an ambiguous change, based on macroscopic observation.
- Quiz - Evidence of a Chemical Reaction: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Electrochemistry and Technology: Use concepts of electrochemistry to identify the underlying problems that are preventing a battery from working properly.
- Quiz - Electrochemistry and Technology: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Electrochemistry: Analyze data regarding galvanic or electrolytic cells to identify properties of the underlying redox reactions.
- Lab - Electrochemistry: Galvanic Cells: Analyze data regarding galvanic or electrolytic cells to identify properties of the underlying redox reactions.
- Explore - Redox Reactions and the Body: Analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by examining scientific evidence.
- Discuss - Electrochemistry: Galvanic Cells: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
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6Lesson 3: Chemical Reactions and Electrochemistry Wrap-Up
- Test (CS) - Chemical Reactions and Electrochemistry: Take a computer-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
- Test (TS) - Chemical Reactions and Electrochemistry: Take a teacher-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
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7Lesson 1: Energy Changes in Matter
- Read - Energy Changes in Matter: Read about the energy changes that take place during physical and chemical processes.
- Quiz - Energy Changes in Matter: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Generate explanations or make predictions about the transfer of thermal energy between systems that occurs due to kinetic energy from molecular collisions.
- Quiz - Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Calculating Energy Changes in Chemical and Physical Processes: Use the law of conservation of energy to compare the magnitudes of energy changes occurring in different systems as well as to identify the systems, the types of energy changes, and the directions of energy flow.
- Quiz - Calculating Energy Changes in Chemical and Physical Processes: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Energy Changes in Matter: Use the law of conservation of energy to compare the magnitudes of energy changes occurring in different systems, as well as to identify the systems, the types of energy changes, and the directions of energy flow.
- Lab - Enthalpy of Fusion of Ice: Design and interpret the results of an experiment in which calorimetry is used to determine the change in enthalpy of a chemical process at constant pressure.
- Lab - Enthalpy of Reaction: Design and interpret the results of an experiment in which calorimetry is used to determine the change in enthalpy of a chemical process at constant pressure.
- Discuss - Enthalpy of Fusion of Ice: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
- Discuss - Enthalpy of Reaction: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
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8Lesson 2: Thermodynamics
- Read - Thermodynamics: Read about how the laws of thermodynamics describe the essential role of energy and explain and predict the direction of changes in matter.
- Quiz - Thermodynamics: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Understanding Thermodynamics: Determine whether a chemical or physical process is thermodynamically favorable by calculating the change in standard Gibbs free energy.
- Quiz - Understanding Thermodynamics: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Applying Principles of Thermodynamics: Use tables of standard enthalpies of formation to calculate the standard enthalpy of reactions involving the extraction of elemental metals from metal oxides.
- Quiz - Sources of Energy: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Thermodynamics: Determine whether a chemical or physical process is thermodynamically favorable by calculating the change in standard Gibbs free energy.
- Explore - Endothermic and Exothermic Processes in Nature: Analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by examining scientific evidence.
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9Lesson 3: Thermodynamics Wrap-Up
- Test (CS) - Thermodynamics: Take a computer-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
- Test (TS) - Thermodynamics Wrap-up: Take a teacher-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
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10Lesson 1: Atomic Structure and Periodicity
- Read - Atomic Structure and Periodicity: Read about the relationship between atomic structure and periodicity.
- Quiz - Atomic Structure and Periodicity: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - The Structure of the Atom: Analyze data relating to electron energies for patterns and relationships.
- Quiz - The Structure of the Atom: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Atomic Models: Given information about a particular model of the atom, determine if the model is consistent with specified evidence.
- Quiz - Atomic Models: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Atomic Structure and Periodicity: Predict and justify trends in atomic properties based on location on the periodic table and the shell model.
- Lab - Spectroscopy: Justify the selection of a particular type of spectroscopy to measure properties associated with vibrational or electronic motions of molecules. Interpret the results of an experiment regarding the absorption of light to determine the concentration of an absorbing species in a solution.
- Discuss - Spectroscopy: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
- Explore - Materials and the Periodicity of Elements: Analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations by examining scientific evidence.
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11Lesson 2: Bonding
- Read - Bonding: Read about the forces of attraction that hold atoms together.
- Quiz - Bonding: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Models of Bonding: Predict the type of bonding present between two atoms in a binary compound, based on location in the periodic table and the electronegativity of the elements.
- Quiz - Models of Bonding: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Study - Examining the Composition of Materials: Analyze data relating to electron energies in order to identify patterns and relationships.
- Quiz - Examining the Composition of Materials: Take a quiz to assess your understanding of the material.
- Practice - Bonding: Use Lewis diagrams and VSEPR to predict the geometry of molecules, identify hybridization, and make predictions about polarity.
- Lab - Types of Compounds: Design a plan to collect and interpret data needed to deduce the type of bonding in a sample of a solid.
- Discuss - Types of Compounds: Analyze and evaluate scientific evidence, and communicate and apply the findings.
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12Lesson 3: Atomic Structure and Bonding Wrap-Up
- Test (CS) - Atomic Structures and Bonding: Take a computer-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
- Test (TS) - Atomic Structures and Bonding: Take a teacher-scored test to assess what you have learned in this unit.
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